parted
select /dev/sdb
mklabel msdos
mkpart primary 1 10GB # here partition starts from 1 that's 1 MB
quit
mkfs.ext4 -j /dev/sdb1
OR
mke2fs -t ext4 -j /dev/sdb1
-j = journaling is an option as provided for transaction oriented processing of writes to disk in event of posssible corruption introduced by abrupt power outages
usermod -a -G admins urgen
mount -o remount,rw /
use blkid to ascertain UUID of recently created partion for /etc/fstab
#blkid
UUID="9b317d2e-f873-4f1e-a12c-0a57e54c5657" /projectx ext4 defaults 0 0
when mounted roughly about 2% is used to manage journaling the file system
= = = = = = = = = =USER QUOTA = = = = = = =
yum install quota*
vim fstab
uuid="sdklfjdskljf" /home ext4 defaults,usrquota,grpquota 0 0
mount -o remount,rw /drive
quotacheck -cug /drive/
quotacheck -mcug /home ##this will create q.check db and generate disk usage table
##use -m option to overwrite the need of single user mode
quotaon /drive
edquota urgen
Disk quotas for user urgen (uid 501):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
/dev/sdb1 90 2000000 2097000 4 0 0
[used block] <-- [around 2GB]-->
repquota -a
Note:quotacheck should be run in SINGLE user mode when system reboots
quotacheck should be run in SINGLE user mode when system reboots
use:
m = dont remount filesystem read-only
a = (all)check all filesystems
g = check group files
u = check user files
c = create new quota files
quotacheck -mcug /home ##this will create quota check db and generate disk usage table
quotacheck -avug #checks quotas
quotacheck -mavug #force check quota or update quota data
edquota username
quota username
repquota /drive #report quota for all user
= = = = = = = = = = = = = GROUP QUOTA = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
#quotaon /drive
[root@demo1 drive]# edquota -g urgen
Disk quotas for group urgen (gid 501):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
/dev/sdb1 11000 10000 11000 6 5 0
Make sure of the group owner ship of filecreated
-------------------------------------------------
# quota -g urgen ##check quota usage for group urgen
Do not attempt to resize a partition on a device that is in use.
Before resizing a partition, boot into rescue mode (or unmount any partitions on the device and turn off any swap space on the device).
Start parted, where /dev/sda is the device on which to resize the partition:
= = = = = = = = =SWAP Space = = = = = = = = =
TRY TO MAKE SWAP PARTITIN ON A DEDICATED PARTITION OR DRIVE
check Swap with top | free -m | swapon -s
[root@monitor1 ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 2.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 10.2GB 10.2GB primary ext4
(parted) help mkpart #displays help for mkpart
(parted) mkpart primary linux-swap 10.2GB 11.2GB ##add 1 GB swap
(parted)print
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 10.2GB 10.2GB primary ext4
2 10.2GB 11.2GB 959MB primary
# we might not see filesystem type here in parted ,we check with fdisk -l /dev/sdb command
# mkswap /dev/sdb2
vim /etc/fstab
UUID=05bb80f0-2c4e-46d8-98bf-2f7d8cbf8a8f none swap defaults 0 0
swapon -s ##check your current unchanged swap
swapon -a ## reload fstab with changed swap
swapoff -a ##disables swap
++++++++++SWAP File+++++++++++++++++
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapdir/swapfile3GB bs=1024 count=3145728
mkswap /swapdir/swapfile3GB
vim /etc/fstab
/swapdir /swapfile3GB none swap defaults 0 0
OR
/swapdir /swapfile3GB none swap sw 0 0
swapon -a
select /dev/sdb
mklabel msdos
mkpart primary 1 10GB # here partition starts from 1 that's 1 MB
quit
mkfs.ext4 -j /dev/sdb1
OR
mke2fs -t ext4 -j /dev/sdb1
-j = journaling is an option as provided for transaction oriented processing of writes to disk in event of posssible corruption introduced by abrupt power outages
usermod -a -G admins urgen
mount -o remount,rw /
use blkid to ascertain UUID of recently created partion for /etc/fstab
#blkid
UUID="9b317d2e-f873-4f1e-a12c-0a57e54c5657" /projectx ext4 defaults 0 0
when mounted roughly about 2% is used to manage journaling the file system
= = = = = = = = = =USER QUOTA = = = = = = =
yum install quota*
vim fstab
uuid="sdklfjdskljf" /home ext4 defaults,usrquota,grpquota 0 0
mount -o remount,rw /drive
quotacheck -cug /drive/
quotacheck -mcug /home ##this will create q.check db and generate disk usage table
##use -m option to overwrite the need of single user mode
quotaon /drive
edquota urgen
Disk quotas for user urgen (uid 501):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
/dev/sdb1 90 2000000 2097000 4 0 0
[used block] <-- [around 2GB]-->
repquota -a
Note:quotacheck should be run in SINGLE user mode when system reboots
quotacheck should be run in SINGLE user mode when system reboots
use:
m = dont remount filesystem read-only
a = (all)check all filesystems
g = check group files
u = check user files
c = create new quota files
quotacheck -mcug /home ##this will create quota check db and generate disk usage table
quotacheck -avug #checks quotas
quotacheck -mavug #force check quota or update quota data
edquota username
quota username
repquota /drive #report quota for all user
= = = = = = = = = = = = = GROUP QUOTA = = = = = = = = = = = = = =
#quotaon /drive
[root@demo1 drive]# edquota -g urgen
Disk quotas for group urgen (gid 501):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
/dev/sdb1 11000 10000 11000 6 5 0
Make sure of the group owner ship of filecreated
-------------------------------------------------
# quota -g urgen ##check quota usage for group urgen
Do not attempt to resize a partition on a device that is in use.
Before resizing a partition, boot into rescue mode (or unmount any partitions on the device and turn off any swap space on the device).
Start parted, where /dev/sda is the device on which to resize the partition:
parted /dev/sda
View the current partition table to determine the minor number of
the partition to resize as well as the start and end points for the
partition:
print
To resize the partition, use the resize
command followed by the minor number for the partition, the starting
place in megabytes, and the end place in megabytes. For example:
resize 3 1024 2048
= = = = = = = = =SWAP Space = = = = = = = = =
TRY TO MAKE SWAP PARTITIN ON A DEDICATED PARTITION OR DRIVE
check Swap with top | free -m | swapon -s
[root@monitor1 ~]# parted /dev/sdb
GNU Parted 2.1
Using /dev/sdb
Welcome to GNU Parted! Type 'help' to view a list of commands.
(parted) p
Model: VMware, VMware Virtual S (scsi)
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5GB
Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B
Partition Table: msdos
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 10.2GB 10.2GB primary ext4
(parted) help mkpart #displays help for mkpart
(parted) mkpart primary linux-swap 10.2GB 11.2GB ##add 1 GB swap
(parted)print
Number Start End Size Type File system Flags
1 1049kB 10.2GB 10.2GB primary ext4
2 10.2GB 11.2GB 959MB primary
# we might not see filesystem type here in parted ,we check with fdisk -l /dev/sdb command
# mkswap /dev/sdb2
vim /etc/fstab
UUID=05bb80f0-2c4e-46d8-98bf-2f7d8cbf8a8f none swap defaults 0 0
swapon -s ##check your current unchanged swap
swapon -a ## reload fstab with changed swap
swapoff -a ##disables swap
++++++++++SWAP File+++++++++++++++++
dd if=/dev/zero of=/swapdir/swapfile3GB bs=1024 count=3145728
mkswap /swapdir/swapfile3GB
vim /etc/fstab
/swapdir /swapfile3GB none swap defaults 0 0
OR
/swapdir /swapfile3GB none swap sw 0 0
swapon -a
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